Data Security in Large Language Models: Risks, Defense, and Directions
Quick summary
arXiv:2508.02312v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs), now a foundation in advancing natural language processing, power applications such as text generation, machine translation, and conversational systems. Despite their transformative potential, these models inherently rely on massive amounts of training data, often collected from diverse and uncurated sources, which exposes them to serious data security risks. Harmful or malicious data can compromise model behavior, leading to toxic outputs or hallucinations, while also creating vulnerabilities to data-driven
Key takeaways
- arXiv:2508.02312v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs), now a foundation in advancing natural language processing, power applications such as text generation, machine translation, and conversational systems.
- Despite their transformative potential, these models inherently rely on massive amounts of training data, often collected from diverse and uncurated sources, which exposes them to serious data security risks.
- Harmful or malicious data can compromise model behavior, leading to toxic outputs or hallucinations, while also creating vulnerabilities to data-driven
Why it matters
“Data Security in Large Language Models: Risks, Defense, and Directions” shows why AI risk cannot be reduced to answer accuracy. Access controls, logging, human approval and incident response need to be designed into the workflow from the start.

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