Efficient Reasoning via Constrained Optimization in Latent Space
Quick summary
arXiv:2609.34181v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities, yet they still suffer from overthinking, generating redundant reasoning steps which incur substantial token consumption. Existing methods, such as suppressing reflective keywords or forcing shorter reasoning lengths, attempt to mitigate this issue but inevitably truncate necessary steps and induce underthinking, thereby compromising performance. To address this dilemma, we investigate the latent representations and observe that efficient reasoning steps naturally clus
Key takeaways
- arXiv:2609.34181v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities, yet they still suffer from overthinking, generating redundant reasoning steps which incur substantial token consumption.
- Existing methods, such as suppressing reflective keywords or forcing shorter reasoning lengths, attempt to mitigate this issue but inevitably truncate necessary steps and induce underthinking, thereby compromising performance.
- To address this dilemma, we investigate the latent representations and observe that efficient reasoning steps naturally clus
Why it matters
“Efficient Reasoning via Constrained Optimization in Latent Space” should be evaluated beyond branding and benchmark scores. Its practical importance will emerge in task accuracy, latency, unit cost, safety and integration with real workflows.

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