Compositional Machine Design as Program Synthesis with LLMs
Quick summary
arXiv:2510.14980v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong abilities in writing and revising programs, yet many program-synthesis benchmarks still evaluate programs in symbolic or digital environments. We introduce compositional machine design, a physically grounded form of program synthesis where machines are written as programs that compose standardized parts, and success is determined by simulated physical behavior. To study this problem, we present BesiegeField, a testbed built on the machine-building game Besiege. In BesiegeField, LLM agents generat
Key takeaways
- arXiv:2510.14980v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong abilities in writing and revising programs, yet many program-synthesis benchmarks still evaluate programs in symbolic or digital environments.
- We introduce compositional machine design, a physically grounded form of program synthesis where machines are written as programs that compose standardized parts, and success is determined by simulated physical behavior.
- To study this problem, we present BesiegeField, a testbed built on the machine-building game Besiege.
Why it matters
The value of this work lies as much in how it was tested as in the claim itself. Sample design, baselines, uncertainty and replication help separate a laboratory result from real-world impact.

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