HO-FL: Hybrid-Order Federated Learning for Heterogeneous Edge Devices
Quick summary
arXiv:2609.39074v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Federated learning (FL) on memory-constrained edge devices faces a dilemma: first-order (FO) optimization (i.e., backpropagation) demands substantial memory, whereas zeroth-order (ZO) optimization suffers from severe convergence slowdown. To resolve this dilemma, we introduce HO-FL, a hybrid-order FL framework that trains a model's bottom segment with ZO optimization and its top segment with FO optimization. Each device can flexibly select its order boundary according to its memory budget while participating in the training of the same global m
Key takeaways
- arXiv:2609.39074v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Federated learning (FL) on memory-constrained edge devices faces a dilemma: first-order (FO) optimization (i.e., backpropagation) demands substantial memory, whereas zeroth-order (ZO) optimization suffers from severe convergence slowdown.
- To resolve this dilemma, we introduce HO-FL, a hybrid-order FL framework that trains a model's bottom segment with ZO optimization and its top segment with FO optimization.
- Each device can flexibly select its order boundary according to its memory budget while participating in the training of the same global m
Why it matters
This model development creates a new option for users and a new testing obligation for developers. A fixed evaluation set comparing quality, cost and failure behavior is more useful than launch claims.

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