Quantization

In mathematics and digital signal processing, quantization is the process of mapping input values from a large set to output values in a (countable) smaller set, often with a finite number of elements. Rounding and truncation are typical examples of quantization processes. Quantization is involved to some degree in nearly all digital signal processing, as the process of representing a signal in digital form ordinarily involves rounding. Quantization also forms the core of essentially all lossy compression algorithms.

Kaynak: Wikipedia (İngilizce, CC BY-SA) — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantization_(signal_processing)